
Sorry, this entry is only available in Italian.
Now we need to create in Android the service able to manage the notification incoming from firebase and to show these to user. Follow this usefull article Working easily with FCM push notifications in Android. You’ll have a class like this.
package com.mycompany.myfirstapp;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationChannel;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.RingtoneManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.util.Log;
import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessagingService;
import com.google.firebase.messaging.RemoteMessage;
import androidx.core.app.NotificationManagerCompat;
import androidx.work.OneTimeWorkRequest;
import androidx.work.WorkManager;
//is the class that we can find in the manifest as a service
public class MyFirebaseMessagingService extends FirebaseMessagingService {
public static final String TAG = "MsgFirebaseServ";
@Override
public void onMessageReceived(RemoteMessage remoteMessage) {
super.onMessageReceived(remoteMessage);
String title = "";
String body = "";
String objectId = "";
String objectType = "";
if (remoteMessage.getData() != null) {
title = remoteMessage.getData().get("title");
body = remoteMessage.getData().get("body");
objectId = remoteMessage.getData().get("object_id");
objectType = remoteMessage.getData().get("objectType");
}
Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
.setContentTitle(title)
.setContentText(body)
.build();
NotificationManagerCompat manager = NotificationManagerCompat.from(getApplicationContext());
manager.notify(/*notification id*/0, notification);
}
}
Follow this instruction : https://developer.android.com/training/basics/firstapp/running-app
For backend developers. You should create a class to manage notification to firebase. Follow the article Firebase push notifications using a .NET Backend to prepare a class to manage the notification to Firebase.
Then prepare your notification test task in a controller. Something like this :
public Task<bool> NoteAsync()
{
var device = db.RegisteredDevices.Where(d => d.ENABLED == true);
string[] da = new string[device.Count()];
int i = 0;
foreach (RegDevice r in device)
{
da[i] = r.ID;
i++;
}
string serverkey = "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX";
return FCMPushNotification.SendPushNotification(da,serverkey,"Title","body");
}
Click the Settings (Cog wheel) icon next to your project name at the top of the new Firebase Console, as per screenshot below:
Call the asp.net mvc method created. You should see a notification in your device.
In this scenario we looking to send the device registration id to a server with user data to save it in our database.
For backend developers. ASP.NET Web API is a framework that makes it easy to build HTTP services that reach a broad range of clients. Follow the following article in order to implement Token based authentication using ASP.NET Web API 2. (Part 1 : Token based authentication in ASP.NET Web API)
To register the device you need a method like this
[HttpPost]
public HttpResponseMessage Register(string key)
{
var identity = (ClaimsIdentity)User.Identity;
string message = "";
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
{
var userid = identity.GetUserId();
RegDevice device = db.RegisteredDevices.Where(d => d.ID == key &&
d.USER == userid).FirstOrDefault();
if (device == null)
{
device = new RegDevice();
device.ID = key;
device.USER = userid;
db.RegisteredDevices.Add(device);
if (db.SaveChanges() > 0)
{
return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
}
else
{
message = Vocabolario.ErrorInTemporaryStorage;
//System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("PostServerLog. erore" +
message);
}
}
}
HttpResponseMessage response = Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, "value");
response.Content = new StringContent(message, Encoding.Unicode);
return response;
}
For frontend developers. To authenticated in a asp.net mvc site, first of all you have to generate the token using the username and the password. The token will conserve all the user’s data more the validation time. We will use this token to talk to our server.
Getting a token is not a goal per se. It’s a necessary step to call a protected API. The token needs to be used to access a Web API. The way to do it is by setting the Authorization header to be “Bearer”, followed by a space, followed by the access token.
To generate the token you should use something like this :
package com.mycompany.myfirstapp;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.io.InputStream;
import org.apache.wink.json4j.JSONArray;
import org.apache.wink.json4j.JSONObject;
import org.apache.wink.json4j.JSONException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException;
public class MyServer {
private final static String BASE_URL = "https://www.mysite.com";
private final static String TOKEN_ENDPOINT = BASE_URL + "/token";
private final static String REGDEVICE_ENDPOINT = BASE_URL + "/api/Account/Register";
//pass username and password in this example
public static String getToken(String user, String pwd) throws IOException, JSONException {
byte[] postData = getRequestBodyForAccessToken(user,pwd);
int postDataLength = postData.length;
URL url = new URL(TOKEN_ENDPOINT);
HttpsURLConnection requestConn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
requestConn.setRequestMethod("POST");
requestConn.setDoOutput(true);
requestConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
try (DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(requestConn.getOutputStream())) {
dos.write(postData);
}
if (requestConn.getResponseCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
if (requestConn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_MOVED_PERM) {
String serverURL = requestConn.getHeaderField("Location");
System.err.println("Set the value of the server path to: " + serverURL);
}
System.err.println("Error in obtaining an access token. " +
requestConn.getResponseMessage());
}
String accessToken;
try (InputStream tokenStream = requestConn.getInputStream()) {
JSONObject tokenRes = new JSONObject(tokenStream);
accessToken = (String) tokenRes.get("access_token");
}
return accessToken;
}
public static void RegisterNewDevice(String deviceKey, String atoken)
{
StringBuilder urlBuilder = new StringBuilder(REGDEVICE_ENDPOINT);
urlBuilder.append("&key=").append(deviceKey);
String pathWithQueryParams = urlBuilder.toString();
InputStream restRegApiStream = null;
try {
HttpsURLConnection restRegApiConn = getRestApiConnection(pathWithQueryParams);
addAuthenticationHeader(restRegApiConnn, atoken);
restRegApiConn.setRequestMethod("POST");
if (restRegApiConn.getResponseCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
if (restRegApiConn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED) {
if (restRegApiConn.getHeaderField("www-authenticate").contains("invalid_token")) {
}
} else if (restRegApiConn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_FORBIDDEN) {
}
} else {
restRegApiStream = restRegApiConn.getInputStream();
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
}
}
private static HttpsURLConnection getRestApiConnection(String apiCall) throws IOException {
URL restApiUrl = new URL(apiCall);
HttpsURLConnection restApiURLConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) restApiUrl.openConnection();
return restApiURLConnection;
}
private static void addAuthenticationHeader(HttpsURLConnection restApiURLConnection, String t)
{
restApiURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Bearer " + t);
}
/**
* Get the request body to be used for the POST request when requesting an access token.
*/
private static byte[] getRequestBodyForAccessToken(String user, String pwd) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("grant_type=password");
sb.append("&username=")
.append(user)
.append("&password=")
.append(pwd);
return sb.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
}
private static void print_https_cert(HttpsURLConnection con){
if(con!=null){
try {
System.out.println("Response Code : " + con.getResponseCode());
System.out.println("Cipher Suite : " + con.getCipherSuite());
System.out.println("\n");
Certificate[] certs = con.getServerCertificates();
for(Certificate cert : certs){
System.out.println("Cert Type : " + cert.getType());
System.out.println("Cert Hash Code : " + cert.hashCode());
System.out.println("Cert Public Key Algorithm : "
+ cert.getPublicKey().getAlgorithm());
System.out.println("Cert Public Key Format : "
+ cert.getPublicKey().getFormat());
System.out.println("\n");
}
} catch (SSLPeerUnverifiedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
private static void print_content(HttpsURLConnection con){
if(con!=null){
try {
System.out.println("****** Content of the URL ********");
BufferedReader br =
new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
String input;
while ((input = br.readLine()) != null){
System.out.println(input);
}
br.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
So now you have registered the device on the server. It’s time to send notification to your device
For backend developers.
Follow the document : https://firebase.google.com/docs/android/setup
Important steps : Add Firebase using the Firebase console. After you have a Firebase project, you can add your Android app to it. Enter your app’s package name in the Android package name field. Click Download google-services.json to obtain your Firebase Android config file google-services.json
)
For frontend developers
In Android Studio create a new android app using java as language. To enable Firebase products in your app, pass to Project visualization (on the left of android studio) in your root-level Gradle file (build.gradle
), add rules to include the Google Services Gradle plugin. Check that you have Google’s Maven repository, as well.
buildscript {
repositories {
// Check that you have the following line (if not, add it):
google() // Google's Maven repository
}
dependencies {
// ...
// Add the following line:
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.3' // Google Services plugin
}
}
allprojects {
// ...
repositories {
// Check that you have the following line (if not, add it):
google() // Google's Maven repository
// ...
}
}
In your module (app-level) Gradle file (usually app/build.gradle
), apply the Google Services Gradle plugin:
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
// Add the following line:
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services' // Google Services plugin
android {
// ...
}
To your module (app-level) Gradle file (usually app/build.gradle
), add the dependencies for the Firebase products that you want to use in your app.
dependencies {
// ...
// Add the SDKs for the Firebase products you want to use in your app
// For example, to use Firebase Authentication and Cloud Firestore
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:17.2.0'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:20.1.0'
// Getting a "Could not find" error? Make sure that you've added
// Google's Maven repository to your root-level build.gradle file
}
Sync your app (at the top on the right of Android Studio) to ensure that all dependencies have the necessary versions.
For frontend developers. Follow the document : https://firebase.google.com/docs/cloud-messaging/android/client
Edit your app manifest. A service that extends FirebaseMessagingService
. This is required if you want to do any message handling beyond receiving notifications
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
package="com.mycompany.myfirstapp">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
<permission
android:name="${applicationId}.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"
android:protectionLevel="signature"/>
<uses-permission android:name="${applicationId}.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"/>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"
tools:ignore="GoogleAppIndexingWarning">
<!-- [START fcm_default_icon] -->
<!-- Set custom default icon. This is used when no icon is set for incoming notification messages. -->
<meta-data
android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_icon"
android:resource="@drawable/ic_stat_ic_notification" />
<!-- Set color used with incoming notification messages. This is used when no color is set for the incoming notification message. -->
<meta-data
android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_color"
android:resource="@color/colorAccent" />
<!-- [END fcm_default_icon] -->
<!-- [START fcm_disable_auto_init] -->
<meta-data
android:name="firebase_messaging_auto_init_enabled"
android:value="false" />
<meta-data
android:name="firebase_analytics_collection_enabled"
android:value="false" />
<!-- [END fcm_disable_auto_init] -->
<activity
android:name=".EntryChoiceActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<!-- [START firebase_service] -->
<service
android:name=".MyFirebaseMessagingService"
android:exported="false">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.google.firebase.MESSAGING_EVENT" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
<!-- [END firebase_service] -->
</application>
</manifest>
On initial startup of your app, the FCM SDK generates a registration token for the client app instance.
The registration token may change when:
When you need to retrieve the current token, call FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getInstanceId()
: For example
private void GetRegistrationToken()
{
FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getInstanceId()
.addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<InstanceIdResult>() {
@Override
public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<InstanceIdResult> task) {
if (!task.isSuccessful()) {
Log.w(TAG, "getInstanceId failed", task.getException());
return;
}
// Get new Instance ID token
String token = task.getResult().getToken();
regToken = token;
System.out.println("***************");
System.out.println(token);
//
// Log and toast
String msg = getString(R.string.msg_token_fmt, token);
Log.d(TAG, msg);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
//
new Thread(){
public void run(){
try {
//SEND REGISTRATION TOKEN TO BACKEND SERVER
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
//
}
});
}
As you can see above, after get the registration id you need to pass this to your backend server. In this way you will be able to save this data linking it to your user to permit, in the future, to send message only to selected users.